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What is 3D Printing?
3D printing is a technology which includes various types of techniques to convert 3-dimensional digital models into a tangible object using various kinds of materials.
Inputs for 3d printers are generated by ‘slicing’ the 3d model into sections of fixed layer heights and then creating step by step instructions for the 3d printer to follow.
FDM
Fuse deposition modeling is an additive manufacturing process where layer of molten material are fused together throughout the object to create the final part. Materials used usually include thermoplastics but can even deal with exotics materials like chocolate pastes and wood/ metal infused plastics. FDM is the simplest and the cheapest form of 3d printing while still being rather efficient
DLP
DLP or digital light processing is a type of VAT polymerization 3d printing which uses a Digital source of UV light to cure a photopolymer resin between a transparent film and the build surface. Once one layer is cured, the build platform moved up and sets in position for the other layer to be deposited on top of the last one. DLP 3d printing provides much finer layers compared to FDM 3D printing at the cost of lower strength.
Get started with 3D Printing with our 2021 Guide on 3D Printing Technology
PLA is a very strong material, stronger than ABS or PETG. It has a brilliant surface finish and can print steep overhangs because of low printing temperature. Although being biodegradable and non-UV resistant makes it vulnerable to degradation if exposed to outdoor climate. That coupled with a low heat resistance of only about 60degree C, makes it not a very suitable material for high load-bearing applications out in the open world.
Strength
★★☆☆☆
Durability
★☆☆☆☆
Rigidity
★★★★★
Temperature Resistance ( 60°c )
★★☆☆☆
PETG or polyethylene terephthalate glycol is a tough, temperature resistant (up to 85deg. C), and highly impact-resistant material. It is highly suitable for printing mechanical components. The mechanical properties are much like ABS while PETG being less rigid and considerably more UV resistant. The most common applications for PETG are: – Snap-fit components, Waterproof parts, Electronic enclosures, High wear and tear parts
Strength
★★★★☆
Durability
★★★★☆
Rigidity
★★★☆☆
Temperature Resistance ( 85°c )
★★★★☆
ABS or Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene is one of the most common plastics used in 3d printing besides PLA. It is a material with great impact resistance and a temperature resistance ranging from -20 to 80 degrees C. The most common applications for ABS are: – Functional prototypes, Objects prone to “wear and tear”, Electronics enclosures, Automotive hardware, Toys.
Strength
★★★☆☆
Durability
★★★★☆
Rigidity
★★★★☆
Temperature Resistance ( 100°c )
★★★★☆
Nylon or polyamide (PA) is a material famous for its impressive durability, flexibility, high strength-weight ratio, and resistance to corrosion. Nylon comes in different co-polymer combinations. Most used in FDM 3d printing is the co-polymer of PA6 and PA66. The most common applications for Nylon are – Automotive parts, Gears, Screws, nuts, bolts, and fixtures,
Strength
★★★★★
Durability
★★★★★
Rigidity
★★☆☆☆
Temperature Resistance ( 110°c )
★★★★★
TPU or Thermoplastic polyurethane Is a highly durable flexible material available for 3d printing. It offers remarkably high impact resistance and abrasion resistance as a result of its flexibility. TPU is a medium-strength material and can handle much higher compressive forces than other, more rigid filaments. The most common applications for TPU are – Phone covers, Non-skid bases for various objects
Strength
★★☆☆☆
Durability
★★★★☆
Rigidity
★☆☆☆☆
Temperature Resistance ( 60°c )
★★☆☆☆
Learn more about different filament materials for 3D Printing